TP link TL WN 823N v2 wifi usb dongle, older freebsd device driver version binary software, rtwn_usb.ko & if_rtwn.ko did have the exact problems you have shown above.
Lets get some facts and some version numbers, dates, sizes
kldstat or kldstat rtwn
kldload rtwn_usb.ko ; kldstat what dates, version, sizes are listed from the kldstat command. Copy and Paste here. You may Direct Message me on Telegram. Yes, I saw the exact behavior explained.
https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rtwn&sektion=4&format=html Examples to use. Do you have the firmware file available to load?
/boot/kernel/rtwn-rtl8192eufw.ko
Not the 8192eu device, but good example commands to use like:
https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/freebsd-12-driver-to-use-with-rtl8812au.75090/
usbconfig list
dmesg | tail -25
ifconfig wlan create wlandev rtwn0 ssid my_net up
ifconfig rtwn0 up scan
'if wlan0 up scan ' shows nearby access points. Trying to connect with a specific WPA2 access point fails to connect. So you can scan and see access points, yet you can not connect to that same wifi access point.
Look for version of rtwn device driver binary software. pkg list rtwn ; pkg update ; pkg search rtwn; other CLI commands to issue. https://forums.freebsd.org or https://freebsd.org mailing list wireless might have some useful information and commands to issue
https://forums.freebsd.org/tags/rtwn/
https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/freebsd-12-driver-to-use-with-rtl8812au.75090/ Example commands and outputs.
sudo kldstat | grep rtwn
killall dhclient
wpa_supplicant -B -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
dhclient wlan0
https://bsd-hardware.info/?id=usb:0bda-8179 8188 EUS